目的 本研究旨在探讨椎-基底动 脉系统变异与短暂性脑缺血发作病因的相 关性。方法 将2015年1月至2016年12月我 院神经内科收治的短暂性脑缺血发作的50 例患者和同期在我院体检的50例健康受 试者分别编入观察组和对照组，均行CT血 管造影，以评估椎-基底动脉的变异。结 果 观察组50例患者中17例有椎基底动脉 变异，其中包括：椎动脉迂曲6支，先天 性一侧发育细小4支，先天性双侧发育细 小2支，椎动脉窗2支，基底动脉窗1支， 基底动脉起源异常2支。50例对照组受试 者中有2例基底动脉迂曲2支。两组受试 者的暴露率有统计学差异(χ2 ＝27.77,P ＜0.001)。基底动脉系统异常是发生短暂 性脑缺血发作的独立风险因素(OR＝20)。 结论 椎-基底动脉系统变异与短暂性脑缺 血发作的病因存在一定的相关性。CTA可 以通过显示椎-基底动脉的解剖关系，对 短暂性脑缺血发作提供诊断和预测。

Objective This study was to investigate the relationship between the variation of vertebrobasilar artery system and the etiology of transient ischemic attack. Methods Fifty patients with transient ischemic attack from January 2005 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. Fifty healthy subjects were enrolled in the observation group and the control group Group, all underwent CT angiography to assess vertebrobasilar artery variation. Results In the observation group,17 cases of vertebrobasilar arterial variability were found in 50 cases, including 6 vertebral artery tortuosity, 4 congenital small side development, 2 small congenital bilateral small side development , vertebral artery window 2，basilar artery window 1.2 abnormal origin of basilar arteries. Two of the 50 patients in the control group had 2 basilar arteries. Exposure rates were statistically different between the two groups (χ2 =27.77, P<0.001). Abnormal basilar artery system was an independent risk factor for transient ischemic attack (OR=20). Conclusion There is a high correlation between the variation of basilar artery system and the etiology of transient ischemic attack. CTA can provide a diagnosis and prediction of transient ischemic attack by showing the anatomic relationship of vertebrobasilar artery.