目的 探讨静息态功能磁共振 ALFF分析在早产儿脑发育的应用价值。方 法 对25例早产儿在生后6个月时行MR检 查，并按年龄匹配原则招募21例正常婴儿 进行MR检查以建立MR数据正常对照组，MR 检查包括fMRI，3D-T1WI。采用低频振幅 (ALFF)算法观察和比较早产儿在生后6个 月不同大脑区域 ALFF的变化。结果 和正 常对照组相比，在小脑后叶、额叶和上辅 助运动脑区功ALFF减弱，早产儿6个月随 访组在颞上回和前扣带回脑区ALFF增强。 结论 早产儿生后的脑发育过程与正常足 月儿的发育过程不同，影响这些神经网络 的成熟，在颞上回和前扣带回脑区ALFF活 动增强提示早产儿脑内可能存在调整效 应。

Objective To study the differences and its significance of ALFF values of the brain using resting-state fMRI(RS.fMRI) in premature and full-term infants at 6 months after birth. Methods 25 premature infants and 21 normal full-term infants were recruited from Shenzhen children Hospital, and screened using RS.fMRI at 6-month after birth. Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation(ALFF) of different brain regions was compared between premature and ful-term infants. Results The RS.fMRI showed that the premature infants had significant decrease of ALFF in cerebellum posterior lobe, frontal Lobe, supp motor Area, while they had significant increase in superior temporal gyrus and anterior cingulate. Conclusion In resting-state, the preterm infants at 6-month after birth have decreased brain activity in many brain regions including cerebellum posterior lobe, frontal Lobe, supp motor Area, however, increased activity in superior temporal gyrus and anterior cingulate might be a kind of adaptation development in the premature brain．