目的 探讨幕上脑实质室管膜 瘤(supratentorial intraparenchymal ependymoma)的影像学特征及病理基础， 旨在提高对本病的认识。方法 回顾性分 析5例经手术病理证实的脑实质室管膜瘤 的CT和MRI影像学及病理资料，5例均行 MRI常规平扫及增强扫描，3例患者行CT检 查，主要观察肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、 密度/信号、强化特点以及瘤周水肿情 况。结果 左顶叶1例，左额叶2例，右颞 顶枕叶1例，右额颞顶叶1例，5例患者肿 瘤平均直径大于4cm。其中1例表现为完全 囊性肿块；2例表现为囊实性肿块；1例为 完全实性肿块；1例为实性肿块伴有邻近 脑实质萎缩；肿瘤实质部分及囊壁CT上呈 稍高密度，MRI呈等/稍长T1、等/稍长T2 信号；囊性部分呈长T1、长T2信号；4例 伴有轻中度瘤周水肿；增强扫描实性部分 及囊壁不均匀明显强化。结论 脑实质室 管膜瘤误诊率高，但其影像学表现有一定 特征性，幕上脑室旁脑实质内不规则囊实 性肿块，边界清楚，CT：实性部分呈稍高 密度；MRI：实性成分呈等/稍长T1、稍长 T2信号，增强扫描明显强化者，术前鉴别 诊断应该考虑到室管膜瘤。

] Objective The research aims at deepening comprehension of supratentorial intraparenchymal ependymoma(SIE) by analyzing its imaging features and pathological basis. Methods CT & MRI and pathological data of 5 cases surgically and pathologically verified SIE are retrospectively analyzed. 5 cases undergo conventional and enhanced MRI scan and 3 cases receive CT scan. Observations are made mainly of the location, size, form, density/signals, enhanced features of, and edema around the tumor. Results We find 1 case of left parietal lobe, 2 cases of left frontal lobe, 1 case of right temporoparietal occipital lobe, 1 case of right frontotemporal parietal lobe. The average diameter of the tumors of the 5 cases is more than 4cm. Among the cases, 1 case is complete cystic mass, 2 cases solid cystic mass, 1 case complete solid-appearing mass and 1 cases solid-appearing mass with adjacent brain parenchyma atrophy. The parenchyma and capsule wall of the tumor present a slightly high density on CT, equally/slightly long signals on MRI. The cystic mass presents long T1 and T2 signals. 4 cases are associated with moderate peritumoral edema; enhancement scanning of the solid mass and capsule wall shows a distinct asymmetry. Conclusion Misdiagnosis rate of SIE is high, but its imaging performances are characteristic, the irregular solid cystic mass has a clear boundary in the brain parenchyma beside the supratentorial ventricle. SIE should be taken into account for the patient whose brain parenchyma presents a slightly high density on CT, equally/slightly long T1 and T2 signals on MRI, and obvious enhancement through enhancement scanning．